I have downloaded a .xpt file from: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Data/Nhanes/Public/2021/DataFiles/DPQ_L.xpt This file comes with a description of what the values should be expected to be: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Data/Nhanes/Public/2021/DataFiles/DPQ_L.htm The data is from a participant filling out a survey of questions. The values should be between 0-9 and "." if missing. I have run the following code to interpret the file: import pandas as pd # Reading the .xpt file (SAS Transport file) df = pd.read_sas('C:\\Users\\wsaj5\\Downloads\\DPQ_L.xpt', format='xport') # Print the first few rows to inspect the data print(df.head()) # Check the data types of the columns print(df.dtypes) This gives me: SEQN DPQ010 DPQ020 ... DPQ080 DPQ090 DPQ100 0 130378.0 NaN NaN ... NaN NaN NaN 1 130379.0 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 ... 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 2 130380.0 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 ... 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 3 130386.0 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 ... 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 4 130387.0 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 ... 5.397605e-79 5.397605e-79 NaN [5 rows x 11 columns] SEQN float64 DPQ010 float64 DPQ020 float64 DPQ030 float64 DPQ040 float64 DPQ050 float64 DPQ060 float64 DPQ070 float64 DPQ080 float64 DPQ090 float64 DPQ100 float64 dtype: object 5.40e-79 isn't an expected value and I have had this value for other files that I have been looking at from the same source too. Not all values in columns containing 5.40e-79 are 5.40e-79, just some values seem wrong. There are still other values in the same rows for different columns which would suggest that the participant has completed the survey so there shouldn't be answers missing. ChatGPT suggests that this is a placeholder value for missing values. Can these values be ignored? I am worried that I will be ignoring data that I shouldn't be. Continue reading...