[Python] With pre-commit, how to use some hooks before commit and others before push

Some hooks can take a while to run, and I would like to run those before I push, but not before each particular commit (for example, pylint can be a bit slow).

I've seen the following:

• Question: Using hooks at different stages
• mesos-commits mailing list archives
• Feature request: pre-commit or pre-push only hooks

But it's still not clear to be how I'm supposed to set this up.

Here is what I have tried:

default_stages: [commit]
repos:
- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
rev: v3.1.0
hooks:
- id: end-of-file-fixer
- id: trailing-whitespace
- repo: https://github.com/psf/black
rev: 19.10b0
hooks:
- id: black
stages: [push]


From that I'm expecting the first couple of hooks to run before a commit (which they do), but I'm expecting black to run before pushing, which it doesn't.

To test that I have created the following file:

"""This is a docstring."""

print('this should be formatted')


Which is certainly not being formatted by black.

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