[Python] Why: python3.11: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.11.so.1.0: cannot...

On Ubuntu, Python3.11 cannot find libpython3.11.so.1.0.

Here is my system information:

PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04.1 LTS (Noble Numbat)VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo


On my system, I have installed python3 and python3-dev, with versions python3.12.3.At the same time, I compiled Python 3.12.7 using the following compilation instructions:

./configure --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions --enable-optimizations --with-lto=full --enable-shared
make
make altinstall


Then everything is normal, here are the details:

linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffdbd726000)
libpython3.12.so.1.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpython3.12.so.1.0 (0x000077c52ea00000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x000077c52e600000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x000077c52f165000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000077c52f26a000)


However, when I need to install other versions of Python, such as Python3.11.10, issues arise.

The compilation configuration is identical to that of Python3.12, but the following problem occurs:

python3.11: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.11.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


I resolved the issue by doing the following:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib


However, I don't understand why this problem occurred. Was there a configuration error somewhere?

Here is the detailed information:

> ll /usr/local/lib/
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Oct 3 13:42 ./
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Apr 24 18:47 ../
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 3 13:42 libpython3.11.so -> libpython3.11.so.1.0*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 25185720 Oct 3 13:42 libpython3.11.so.1.0*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Oct 2 16:19 libpython3.12.so -> libpython3.12.so.1.0*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 31234664 Oct 2 16:19 libpython3.12.so.1.0*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15088 Oct 3 13:42 libpython3.so*
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 3 13:42 pkgconfig/
drwxr-xr-x 39 root root 4096 Oct 3 13:42 python3.11/
drwxr-xr-x 40 root root 4096 Oct 2 16:19 python3.12/


The default environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH is empty.

Other:

> readelf -d /usr/local/bin/python3.12

Dynamic section at offset 0x2db8 contains 28 entries:
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpython3.12.so.1.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x1000
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x115c
0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x3da8
0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x3db0
0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x3b0
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x548
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x3f8
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 222 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x3fb8
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x738
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x678
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 192 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000000000001e (FLAGS) BIND_NOW
0x000000006ffffffb (FLAGS_1) Flags: NOW PIE
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x648
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x626
0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 3
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0


readelf -d /usr/local/bin/python3.11

Dynamic section at offset 0x2db8 contains 28 entries:
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library:[libpython3.11.so.1.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x1000
0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x115c
0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x3da8
0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x3db0
0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x3b0
0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x548
0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x3f8
0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 222 (bytes)
0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0
0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x3fb8
0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 24 (bytes)
0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x738
0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x678
0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 192 (bytes)
0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
0x000000000000001e (FLAGS) BIND_NOW
0x000000006ffffffb (FLAGS_1) Flags: NOW PIE
0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x648
0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1
0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x626
0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 3
0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0

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