I have been attempting to call a simple Fortran subroutine from python using f2py without success. The Fortran subroutine just adds two numbers defined in the python code. The Fortran code is: C SUBROUTINE TESTLIB(A,B,C) C REAL, intent (in) :: A, B REAL, intent (out) :: C C = A + B END SUBROUTINE TESTLIB Python: import numpy as np import testlib2 A = 3 B = 2 C = testlib2.testlib(A, B) print("C = ", C) I created testlib2.pyd file from the command line with python -m numpy.f2py -c -m testlib2 testlib2.f Then placed testlib2.pyd file in the same directory as the python file (testlib.py). I had to install meson, ninja, cmake, charset-normalizer and pkgconfig libraries to make F2py work with Python 3.12. When I run the python code testlib.py (Spyder 5.5) I receive the following error: File c:\users\bcn\documents\hps\hps fortran\testlib.py:6 C = testlib2.testlib(A, B) TypeError: testlib2.testlib() missing required argument 'c' (pos 3). The call to the Fortran subroutine appears to requiring the C variable to be defined but has been defined as an "out" variable. Not sure why it is doing this. The examples I have seen indicate that the Fortran subroutine needs to have the out variable listed. Using Windows 11 and Python 3.12. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks. Continue reading...