From a related post, one installed package matplotlib-cpp through microsoft / vcpkg . However, when running a simple example, #include "matplotlibcpp.h" namespace plt = matplotlibcpp; int main() { plt:lot({1,3,2,4}); plt::show(); } an error returned stating that Error C1083 Cannot open include file: 'Python.h': No such file or directory Examples ..\vcpkg\installed\x64-windows\include\matplotlibcpp.h 5 I have tried the methods in: can't include Python.h in visual studio psycopg: Python.h: No such file or directory and Cygwin gcc issue - cannot find Python.h (which didn't apply since vs managed python environment itself, and there wasn't python-dev option) A very similiar post C++: matplotlibcpp.h and Python.h linker error also indicated the same issue in Ubuntu environment. In matplotlibcpp.h file, it mentioned that // Python headers must be included before any system headers, since // they define _POSIX_C_SOURCE #include <Python.h> What did it mean? How to link python.h and a matplotlibcpp.h in Visual Studio 2019? Updates: I was able to locate "Python.h" and "numpy/arrayobject.h" in MS python folder. However, when I manually added those three ".h" files into the project header folder, the issue wasn't resolved. Especially, when I manually fixed the locations in "matplotlibcpp.h", the "Python.h" in ""numpy/arrayobject.h" still could not be located. Continue reading...