[Python] How to iterate and store variables in a dictionary?

I am new to python and my coding experience so far is with MATLAB.

I am trying to understand more about lists and dictionaries as i am using a library about DOEs that takes an dictionary as a passing argument.

But my trouble so far is that this dictionary assumes the form of ex.

DOE={'Elastic Modulus':[10,20,30], 'Density':[1,2,3], 'Thickness':[2,3,5]}

But i need this dictionary to be user defined, for example:

1. 
   Have an input to define how many variables are needed (in this example are 3: Elastic Modulus','Density'and 'Thickness)
   
   
2. 
   as the variables are defined, it should be able to store values in the dictionary over a for loop.
   

Is this possible using dictionaries?

Or is it better to use a list and convert in a dicionary later?

Thank you in advance

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