[Python] how to escape texts for formatting in python

I have the following text.

"\*hello* * . [ }"


It should be escaped like this:

"\*hello\\* \* \\. \\[ \\}"


How to do this with python regex?

Every special character (the special characters are: _, *, [, ], (, ), ~, `, >, #, +, -, =, |, {, }, ., ! must be escaped with the preceding character \.

I tried it with this but then every character is escaped:

escape_chars = r'_*[]()~`>#+-=|{}.!'
return re.sub(f'([{re.escape(escape_chars)}])', r'\\\1', text)


Then the text is unformatted like this:

\*hello\* \* \. \[ \}


But it should be like this:

**hello** \* \. \[ \}


Some examples:

At \* \* \* only the middle one should be escaped At \{ \{ \} only the middle one should be escaped

I need this for tex formatting: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#markdownv2-style

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