I have a Pandas DataFrame with coordinates values (X,Y), temperatures (T) and measurement results (H) df=pd.DataFrame([ {'X':0,'Y':0,'T':25,'H':1.2}, {'X':1,'Y':0,'T':25,'H':1.3}, {'X':0,'Y':1,'T':25,'H':1.4}, {'X':1,'Y':1,'T':25,'H':1.5}, {'X':0,'Y':0,'T':125,'H':2.2}, {'X':1,'Y':0,'T':125,'H':2.4}, {'X':0,'Y':1,'T':125,'H':2.6}, {'X':1,'Y':1,'T':125,'H':2.8}, ]) df=df.set_index(['X','Y','T']) Now I would like to calculate the difference of the measurements at the temperatures of each coordinate point: H(T=125)-H(T=25) So I would like to get {'X':0,'Y':0,'dH':1.0} {'X':1,'Y':0,'dH':1.1} {'X':0,'Y':1,'dH':1.2} {'X':1,'Y':1,'dH':1.3} How to do this in a pythonic way? Continue reading...