[Python] Flask - working outside of application context

I am testing a Flask application and am receiving a "working outside of application context" error. My file directory is as follows:

api
app.py
__init__.py
models
__init__.py
user.py
resources
__init__.py
deals.py
stores.py
common
__init__.py
calculations.py
decorators.py


My app.py file looks like the following:

import os
from flask import Flask, jsonify, url_for, redirect, request, g, current_app
from flask_pymongo import PyMongo
from flask_restful import Api, Resource
from flask_httpauth import HTTPTokenAuth
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask.ext.httpauth import HTTPBasicAuth

from resources.deals import Deals
from resources.stores import Stores

from models.user import User

USERDBFILE=os.path.join(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)),'database'),'db.sqlite')

#Deals database
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config["MONGO_DBNAME"] = "database"
mongo = PyMongo(app,config_prefix='MONGO')
app.db = mongo

#User database
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'SECRET KEY'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///db.sqlite'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN'] = True
app.dbuser = SQLAlchemy(app)

#App url
app.APP_URL = "http://127.0.0.1:5000"

#Setup authorization
auth = HTTPTokenAuth(scheme='Token')

#Setup the app
api = Api(app)
api.add_resource(Deals, '/deals', '/Deals/<string:type>/<string:id>',endpoint="dealType")
api.add_resource(Stores, '/stores', '/Stores/<string:type>/<string:id>',endpoint="type")

if __name__ == "__main__":
if not os.path.exists(USERDBFILE):
app.dbuser.create_all()
app.run(debug=True)


My users.py file is as follows:

from flask import current_app
import os
from flask import Flask, abort, request, jsonify, g, url_for
from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask.ext.httpauth import HTTPBasicAuth
from passlib.apps import custom_app_context as pwd_context
from itsdangerous import (TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer
as Serializer, BadSignature, SignatureExpired)

class User(current_app.dbuser.Model):
__tablename__ = 'user_api'
id = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Integer,primary_key=True)
date_created = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.DateTime,default=current_app.dbuser.func.current_timestamp())
date_modified = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.DateTime,default=current_app.dbuser.func.current_timestamp(),
onupdate=current_app.dbuser.func.current_timestamp())
# User Name
name = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.String(128),nullable=False)
# Identification Data: email & password
email = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.String(128),nullable=False,unique=True)
password = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.String(192),nullable=False)
company = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.String(128),nullable=False,unique=True)
# Authorization Data: role & status
role = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.String(32),nullable=False,default='user')
status = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Boolean,nullable=False,default=True)
hourly_limit = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Integer,nullable=False,default=100)
daily_limit = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Integer,nullable=False,default=2400)
monthly_limit = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Integer,nullable=False,default=2400)
admin = current_app.dbuser.Column(current_app.dbuser.Boolean,nullable=False,default=True)

def hash_password(self, password):
self.password_hash = pwd_context.encrypt(password)

def verify_password(self, password):
return pwd_context.verify(password, self.password_hash)

def generate_auth_token(self, expiration=600):
s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expires_in=expiration)
return s.dumps({'id': self.id})

@staticmethod
def verify_auth_token(token):
s = Serializer(current_app.config['SECRET_KEY'])
try:
data = s.loads(token)
except SignatureExpired:
return None # valid token, but expired
except BadSignature:
return None # invalid token
user = User.query.get(data['id'])
return user


I run the file in the same directory as app.py using

python app.py


But it returns the following error:

File "app.py", line 13, in <module>
from models.user import User
File "/Users/toby/api/api/models/user.py", line 10, in <module>
class User(current_app.dbuser.Model):
File "/Users/toby/api/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 343, in __getattr__
return getattr(self._get_current_object(), name)
File "/Users/toby/api/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 302, in _get_current_object
return self.__local()
File "/Users/toby/api/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/globals.py", line 34, in _find_app
raise RuntimeError('working outside of application context')
RuntimeError: working outside of application context


If I move the contents of the user.py file into the app.py file and change the inheritance from current_app.dbuser.Model to app.dbuser.Model it seems to work fine. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?

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