[Python] django after submit login info, does not lead to intended detail view page

I don't know what to do here after a few days of trying different ideas. After I submit the the prop login email and password, the page does not do anything. It just says "Invalid password". I am not sure my login view is connected to the sqllite. I am thinking my mistake is where the login view file, but not sure. I also use chatgpt to see if it can identify where the mistake is, but it didn't come up with anything. If anyone can point me where I need to adjust, would be much appricated. If I go to the address of the http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/2/, then, the page shows correctly. Unfortunately, the codes are long.

Here are all the codes:

views.py:

import random
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import (ListView, DetailView)
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from .models import CustomUser, Events
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from .serializers import CustomUserSerializer, EventsSerializer
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.renderers import TemplateHTMLRenderer
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login
from django.contrib import messages
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from django.urls import reverse
from .models import CustomUser # Assuming CustomUser is your user model

def index(request):
return render(request, "users_application/index.html", {})

def user_detail(request, id):
user = CustomUser.objects.get(id = id)
events = user.events_set.all()
return render(request, "users_application/user_detail.html", {'user': user})

# Define a view function for the login page
def user_login(request):
if request.method == "POST":
email = request.POST.get('email')
password = request.POST.get('password')
if not CustomUser.objects.filter(email=email).exists():
messages.error(request, 'Invalid Email')
return redirect('login')

user = authenticate(request, username=email, password=password)
if user is None:
messages.error(request, "Invalid Password")
return redirect('login')
else:
login(request, user)
# Redirect to the user's detail page after login
return redirect('user-detail', id=user.id)

return render(request, 'users_application/login.html')



class CustomUserAPIView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
users = CustomUser.objects.all()
serializer = CustomUserSerializer(users, many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)


class CustomUserDetailView(APIView):
renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
template_name = 'users_application/user_detail.html' # Create this template

def get_object(self, id):
try:
return CustomUser.objects.get(id=id)
except CustomUser.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404

def get(self, request, id=None):
if id:
user = self.get_object(id)
serializer = CustomUserSerializer(user)
return Response({'user': serializer.data})
else:
users = CustomUser.objects.all()
serializer = CustomUserSerializer(users, many=True)
return Response({'users': serializer.data})


urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import user_detail
from .views import CustomUserAPIView, EventAPIView, CustomUserDetailView, user_login
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
path("", views.index, name="index"), #index is the function name from view.py
#path('users/', views.user_list, name = "users"),
#path('user/<int:id>/', views.user_detail, name = "user_detail"),
path('users/', CustomUserAPIView.as_view(), name='user-list'),
path('user/<int:id>/', CustomUserDetailView.as_view(), name='user-detail'),
path('login/', views.user_login, name='login'),
]


backends.py

from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

class EmailBackend(ModelBackend):
def authenticate(self, request, username=None, password=None, **kwargs):
UserModel = get_user_model()
try:
user = UserModel.objects.get(email=username)
if user.check_password(password):
return user
except UserModel.DoesNotExist:
return None

def get_user(self, user_id):
UserModel = get_user_model()
try:
return UserModel.objects.get(pk=user_id)
except UserModel.DoesNotExist:
return None


settings.py

from pathlib import Path

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'users_application',
'rest_framework',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'REST_PROJECT.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'REST_PROJECT.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users_application.CustomUser"

AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['users_application.backends.EmailBackend', 'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend']


login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Login</title>
<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-5">
<!-- Login form -->
<form class="col-6 mx-auto card p-3 shadow-lg" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: green;">USER LOGIN</span></h1>

{% csrf_token %} <!-- CSRF token for security -->
<!-- Login heading -->
<h3>Login</h3>
<hr>

<!-- Display error/success messages -->
{% if messages %}
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
{% for message in messages %}
{{ message }}
{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}

<!-- Email input field -->
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" name="email" id="exampleInputEmail1" aria-describedby="emailHelp"
placeholder="Enter email" required>
</div>

<!-- Password input field -->
<div class="form-group">
<label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password" required>
</div>

<!-- Submit button -->
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>


and fanlly, models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import BaseUserManager
from django.db import models
from django.conf import settings

class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):

def create_superuser(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)

if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_staff=True')

if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True')

return self.create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)

def create_user(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
if not email:
raise ValueError('The Email must be set')
email = self.normalize_email(email)

user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user


class CustomUser(AbstractUser):

username = None
email = models.EmailField(("email address"), unique=True)

USERNAME_FIELD = "email"
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []

objects = CustomUserManager()

def __str__(self):
return self.email


class Events(models.Model):

TYPES = (
('PRI', 'Rides'),
('CLN', 'Cleaning'),
('CPN', 'Companionship'),
)

#event = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
event = models.ForeignKey(CustomUser, related_name='events', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True, null=True)
category = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices = TYPES)
previous_balance = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True)
spent = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True)
add = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True)
remaining_balance = models.DecimalField(max_digits=7, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True)
destination = models.TextField(blank=True)

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