Just trying to rewrite this c# code to python. Server send public key(modulus, exponent), need to encrypt it with pkcs1 padding. using (TcpClient client = new TcpClient()) { await client.ConnectAsync(ip, port); using (NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream()) { await App.SendCmdToServer(stream, "auth", this.Ver.ToString().Split('.', StringSplitOptions.None)); byte[] modulus = new byte[256]; int num2 = await stream.ReadAsync(modulus, 0, modulus.Length); byte[] exponent = new byte[3]; int num3 = await stream.ReadAsync(exponent, 0, exponent.Length); this.ServerRsa = RSA.Create(); this.ServerRsa.ImportParameters(new RSAParameters() { Modulus = modulus, Exponent = exponent }); using (MemoryStream data = new MemoryStream()) { using (BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter((Stream) data)) { writer.Write(string1); writer.Write(string2); await App.SendDataToServer(stream, this.ServerRsa.Encrypt(data.ToArray(), RSAEncryptionPadding.Pkcs1)); } } } } Everything works fine, except encrypted result by python. I've tried with rsa and pycryptodome, no luck at all, server returns reject. Tried something like this (rsa) server_rsa = rsa.newkeys(2048)[0] server_rsa.n = int.from_bytes(modulus, byteorder='big') server_rsa.e = int.from_bytes(exponent, byteorder='big') data = (string1 + string2).encode() encrypted_data = rsa.encrypt(data, server_rsa) or this (pycryptodome) pubkey = construct((int.from_bytes(modulus, 'big'), int.from_bytes(exponent, 'big'))) cipher = PKCS1_v1_5.new(pubkey) encrypted_data = cipher.encrypt(data) Is there some special python RSA implementation, that just not working with C#, or vice versa? Continue reading...